2010年10月,在成都组织了“相控阵高级研讨班”,特邀加拿大专家Ed Ginzel作精彩讲课。在讲课中Ed先生解释了国外无损检测法规标准体系和层次,我觉得既透彻又有用,现把有关内容的中英文对照送大家分享。 法规标准的体系和层次: 1、Codes (enforceable by law)法规(法律强制执行) 2、Standards (recommendations by agencies)标准(推荐采用) 3、Specification (company requirements)规范(企业要求) 4、Procedure (NDT company practices)工艺(NDT公司采用) 5、Technique (specific details of an inspection application) also called work instruction方法(检测应用的技术细节),也叫工作说明 详细说明: 1、Codes (enforceable by law)法规(法律强制执行)E.g. ASME BPVC,API 620;例如:ASME BPVC,API 620,固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程,等等; May have NDT requirements built in or make external references包含NDT要求或外部参考 Usually have an acceptance criteria通常包含验收标准 2、Standards标准E.g. ASTM 例如ASTM,GB/T3323; Generally describe good practices but do not usually have acceptance criteria (left to contracting parties)常规的技术描述,不包括验收标准(合同方确定) 3、Specifications规范 Company or project specific requirements. 公司或项目特定要求。 Often refer to Standards and then add special requirements as extra and also may have their own acceptance通常参考标准并增加额外的特定要求,或者有自己的验收规范 Become “contract documents”变成“合同文件” 4、Procedures工艺All regulating documents (Codes, Standards and Specifications) will require that any inspection be done in accordance with an approved written Procedure所有的规范文件(法规、标准和规范)要求任意检测按照核准的工艺进行。 Procedures describe how an NDT company or department
will carry out NDT work in accordance with the regulating documents工艺中规定了检测公司或部门如何根据规范文件执行无损检测工作 It may be general for all related work or specific for a single application工艺可能涵盖所有相关工作或指针对一个检测应用。 5、Technique (or Written Instruction)方法(或书面说明) Details of the equipment, calibration, sensitivity, scan plans and personnel are detailed with a drawing of the component to be tested包括设备细节、校准、灵敏度、扫查计划、人员和待检工件图纸的详细说明。 Sufficient detail should be in the Technique so that a Level 1 person can set up the equipment and scan the part方法中包括详细的技术描述,以便一级资格人员可以正确的设置设备和扫查工件。 |